肛管肛门恶性黑色素瘤颇为少见,但发病隐蔽,预后恶劣,而组织学形态复杂多变,多数病例很少色素形成,往往给临床及病理诊断造成困难,容易误诊。本文对30例肛管肛门恶性黑色素瘤进行临床病理分析及S-100免疫组化染色,探讨其临床特征,病理组织学特点及组织发生,以期提高早期诊断率及鉴别诊断水平。 Malignant melanoma of the anal canal is quite rare, but the incidence is subtle and the prognosis is poor. The histological morphology is complex and changeable. In most cases, there is little pigmentation, which often causes difficulties in clinical and pathological diagnosis and is easily misdiagnosed. In this paper, clinical pathological analysis and S-100 immunohistochemical staining were performed on 30 cases of anal canal anal melanoma, and its clinical features, histopathological features and histogenesis were discussed in order to improve the early diagnosis rate and differential diagnosis.