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使用有限元模拟软件DEFORM-3D分别对不同截面工件的包套等径角挤压过程进行数值模拟,分析了试样截面形状为圆形和正方形的EACP模型变形过程中应变分布及损伤因子的大小。结果表明,不同截面试样稳定变形阶段等效应变分布规律相似,圆截面试样的垂直方向等效应变分布更加均匀;挤压过程中,圆截面试样完全处于压应力状态,方截面试样在剪切变形区受到拉应力会导致包套开裂、内部坯料萌生裂纹甚至发生断裂;对比方截面试样,圆截面试样损伤因子较小;建议AZ31镁合金包套ECAP工艺的工件截面设定为圆形截面。
The finite element simulation software DEFORM-3D was used to simulate the process of isocutting of different cross-section workpieces respectively. The strain distribution and the damage factor in the EACP model with circular and square section were analyzed . The results show that the equivalent strain distributions of the specimens in different cross-sections are similar, and the distribution of equivalent strain in the vertical direction of the specimens is more uniform. In the extrusion process, the specimens with round cross-section are completely in the state of compressive stress, Tensile stress in the shear deformation zone will lead to cracking of the cladding and even rupture of the inner blank. Cracks in the cross-section specimen and the circular-section specimen are small. It is suggested that the cross section of AZ31 magnesium alloy coated ECAP process A circular cross section.