论文部分内容阅读
碳排放增多带来的气候变化已成为各国政府共同面对的问题,碳减排责任的划分是各国争论的焦点,而国际贸易造成的“碳泄露”问题更是不可忽视。中国的碳减排责任最终要落实到省市区域尺度上,区域间贸易引起的“碳泄露”同样值得考虑。使用多区域投入产出分析法,分别从生产者和消费者的角度对北京各部门碳排放进行分析,并估算各部门进出口贸易中隐含的碳排放量。结果表明北京是一个碳排放净流入区域。基于生产者和消费者的角度,北京的碳排放总量分别是142.79 Mt和116.80 Mt。输出贸易中隐含的碳排放量为28.15 Mt,包括区域间调出和国际出口。输出贸易中隐含碳排放最大的部门是石油加工、炼焦及核燃料加工业。输入贸易中隐含的碳排放量为54.15 Mt,包括区域间调入和国际进口。输入贸易中隐含的碳排放最大的部门是建筑业。
The climate change caused by the increase of carbon emissions has become a common problem faced by governments. The division of responsibility for carbon emission reduction is the focus of debates in various countries. The issue of “carbon leakage” caused by international trade can not be ignored. The ultimate responsibility for China’s carbon emission reduction should be implemented at the provincial and municipal regional scales. The “carbon leakage” caused by regional trade is also worth considering. Using multi-region IO analysis, we analyze the carbon emissions of Beijing’s various departments from the perspective of producers and consumers, and estimate the carbon emissions implied by the import and export trade of various departments. The results show that Beijing is a net inflow of carbon emissions. From a producers ’and consumers’ perspective, Beijing’s total carbon emissions are 142.79 Mt and 116.80 Mt, respectively. The amount of carbon emissions implied by export trade is 28.15 Mt, including inter-regional transfers and international exports. The sectors with the highest carbon emissions in export trade are petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing. The amount of carbon emissions implied in imports is 54.15 Mt, including inter-regional transfers and international imports. The sector that imports the most carbon implied in trade is the construction industry.