美国当代著名教育心理学家罗伯特·加涅(R.M.Gagne,1916～2002)把人类学习分为言语信息、辨别、具体性概念、定义性概念、规则、问题解决、认知策略、动作技能、态度等9个方面.其中,认知策略是学习者用以调控自己注意、学习、记忆和思维等内部过程的技能.通常把认知策略分为复述策略(解释意义、做笔记、表象、列提纲、组块)、精加工策略、组 The famous American educational psychologist Robert Gagne (1916-2002) divides human learning into verbal information, discrimination, concrete concepts, definitions, rules, problem solving, cognitive strategies, motor skills, and attitudes. There are nine aspects. Among them, cognitive strategies are skills that learners use to regulate their internal processes such as attention, learning, memory, and thinking. They usually divide cognitive strategies into retelling strategies (interpretation meanings, notes, appearances, outlines). , block), finishing strategy, group