美国著名教育家施瓦布认为,探究学习活动是儿童通过自主地参与知识的获得过程,掌握研究自然所必需的探究技能,形成认识自然的科学概念,进而培养探索世界的积极态度。不少教师明白这个道理,但实际操作起来又发现相当困难,这就要求教师站在儿童的立场,组织学生进行科学探究。一、站在儿童的立场,尊重探究起点的差异性在一个班级中,每个儿童都有自己的特点、专长、兴趣、情感等,作为教师,站在儿童的立场,就是要尊重儿童的差异性,使学生在教师的帮助下自行探究。例如,在执教苏教版五年级科学上册《简单的电路》时,笔者让学生尝试用一个开关、一组电源和导线让两颗电珠亮起 Schwab, a famous American educator, believes that exploring learning activities is a process in which children acquire the necessary research skills to study nature through the process of obtaining knowledge autonomously, and form a scientific concept of understanding nature so as to cultivate a positive attitude toward exploring the world. Many teachers understand this truth, but actually find it quite difficult to operate. This requires that teachers stand in the position of children and organize students to conduct scientific inquiry. First, stand in the position of children, respect the differences in the starting point of inquiry In a class, each child has its own characteristics, expertise, interests, emotions, as a teacher, standing in the position of children is to respect the differences between children Sex, so that students with the help of teachers to explore themselves. For example, in teaching the fifth grade of the Sujian version of science “simple circuit”, I let the students try to use a switch, a set of power and wire so that the two beads lit