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目的比较不同任务负荷的听觉事件相关电位 (ERPs,event relatedpotentials) ,以探讨听觉ERPs各种成份的任务负荷效应。方法被试者为 1 2名右利手正常在校大学生 ( 2 0～ 2 3岁 )。要求被试者对 4个方位的声音信号进行难度负荷不同的 3种作业任务 :全反应 (AR)、方位区分反应 (DR)、音调选择方位区分反应 (SR)。对 -t和方差分析统计 3种任务的听觉ERPs成份。结果 1 )SR反应时最长 ,DR次之 ,AR最短 ;2 )早期成份的任务负荷效应 :P1波幅随负荷的增加进行性增强 ;AR ERPs和DR ERPs的N1峰值相近 ,均高于SR(T) ERPs ;DR ERPs与SR(T) ERPs中前脑区的P2波幅无明显差异 ,均显著低于AR ERPs,P2的潜伏期随负荷的增加明显缩短 ;3)晚期成份的任务负荷效应 :随任务负荷的增加 ,N2 (N2a/N2b)、P3和SW波幅明显增强。结论听觉ERPs早期成份和晚期成份均有明显的任务负荷效应 ,晚期成份的任务负荷效应可能与早期的警觉激活程度相关联
Objective To compare the ERPs (event related potentials) with different task loads to explore the task load effects of various components of auditory ERPs. Methods The subjects were 12 right-handed normal college students (20 ~ 23 years old). Subjects were asked to perform three tasks with different degrees of difficulty on four directions of audio signals: AR, DR, and SR. The -t and ANOVA statistics for 3 tasks auditory ERPs components. Results 1) SR response was the longest, DR was the second, AR was the shortest; 2) task load effect of early components: P1 amplitude increased with the increase of load; AR ERPs and DR ERPs N1 peaks were similar to SR T) ERPs. There was no significant difference in the amplitude of P2 between DR ERPs and SR (T) ERPs, which were significantly lower than that of AR ERPs. The latency period of P2 was significantly shortened with the increase of load. 3) The task load effect of late components: With the increase of the task load, the amplitude of N2 (N2a / N2b), P3 and SW increased significantly. Conclusions The early and late components of auditory ERPs have a significant task load effect, and the task load effect of late components may be related to the early alert activation level