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在WTO与环境保护有关的众多条款中,GATT第20条是其中总则性的规定环境保护免责事由的条款。自GATT成立以来,该环保例外条款的适用主要依据GATT(WTO)DSB作出的解释,因而详细充分考察DSB运用该条款的判例实践,对准确理解这一条款至为重要。先例外后前言的审查步骤日益在DSB的审查实践中占了上风,体现出WTO对各成员环保例外权的考虑。
Article 20 of the GATT, among the numerous articles on environmental protection in the WTO, is a general provision of the exemption for environmental protection. Since the establishment of the GATT, the application of this environmental exception has mainly been based on the interpretation made by the GATT (WTO) DSB. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have a thorough and thorough examination of the DSB’s jurisprudence on the application of this provision. The steps of reviewing the pre-ex ante preface increasingly prevailed in the review practice of the DSB, reflecting the WTO’s consideration of the environmental exception rights of its members.