在过去的二十年中,大量的临床研究表明,α_2肾上腺素受体激动剂(α_2激动剂)作为麻醉和外科手术的辅助药物有良好的效果。这些研究证实,α_2肾上腺素受体激动剂能降低手术过程中对麻醉的要求,改善心血管及肾上腺素能的稳定性。当鞘内和硬膜外使用α_2肾上腺素受体激动剂时,其有效的镇痛作用前景使得这类药物更加引起人们的注意。与可乐定(抗高血压最初的α_2激动剂)相比, In the past two decades, a large number of clinical studies have shown that α 2 adrenergic receptor agonists (α 2 agonists) have good effects as adjuncts to anesthesia and surgery. These studies confirm that α 2 adrenergic receptor agonists reduce the need for anesthesia during surgery and improve cardiovascular and adrenergic stability. When both intrathecal and epidural α 2 adrenoceptor agonists are used, the potential analgesic effect of such agents has drawn the attention of such agents. Compared with clonidine, the first anti-hypertensive alpha-2 agonist,