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美国中学历史课堂教学中非常注意运用史料特别是原始史料。这些史料直观地再现历史,激发了学生对历史的好奇心,加深了学生对历史问题的认识。关于史料教学的重要性在美国1996年制定的全国历史标准中有非常明确的说明:历史学习所涉及的不只是被动地接受史实、年代、人名和地名,要使学生对历史有真正的理解,就要让学生接触更多的史料,提出问题并整理能够证实他们答案的证据,如查阅文献、杂志、日记和观察历史的遗物、遗址等[1]。
American middle school history classroom teaching very much attention to the use of historical materials, especially the original historical data. These historical materials recreate history intuitively, arouse students ’curiosity about history and deepen students’ understanding of historical issues. The importance of teaching history in the United States established in 1996 the national standards of history have a very clear statement: the history of learning involves not only passively accept the historical facts, age, names and place names, to enable students to have a real understanding of history, Students should be exposed to more historical material, to ask questions and collate evidence that confirms their answers, such as access to documents, magazines, diaries, artifacts and sites that observe history [1].