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风机振动故障诊断常采用频谱分析法,因为它比较直接、有效,理论也比较成熟.但在长期现场工作中,我们发现有时仅仅依靠谱频分析进行故障诊断功效甚微,不适应现场生产需要.主要有以下几个原因:(1)不同的振动故障在频谱图上往往有相同的特征分量,因而很难从频谱图上正确判断故障原因;(2)频谱图上除了特征分量以外,还有大量其它成分,有时有用的信息被外界噪声“淹没”;(3)频谱图上的定量分析及谱图比较,均应建立在设备运转工况绝对相同的基础上,这实际上很难做到.微小的工况差别,也可能使频谱图上的振动量级甚至频谱结构产生显著变化,前后频谱不具备可比性.针对这些实际问题,我们不断地摸索、总结了一些简单但行之有效的方法,以弥补常规频谱分析法的不完善.建立了以频谱分析法为基础,其它方法为补充的监测诊断方法,使风机振动故障诊断结果更加准确.现介绍如下.
Frequency spectrum analysis is often used in fan vibration fault diagnosis, because it is more direct and effective, and its theory is relatively mature. However, in long-term field work, we found that fault diagnosis based on spectral frequency analysis is sometimes ineffective and unsuitable for on-site production. There are mainly several reasons: (1) Different vibration faults often have the same characteristic components on the spectrogram, so it is very difficult to correctly determine the cause of the fault from the spectrogram; (2) In addition to the characteristic components on the spectrogram, there are A large number of other components, sometimes useful information is “submerged” by external noise; (3) quantitative analysis and spectral comparison on the spectrogram should be based on the absolute same operating conditions of the equipment, which is actually difficult to achieve Small differences in working conditions may also lead to significant changes in the magnitude and even the spectral structure of the spectrum, with no comparability of the spectrum before and after. In response to these practical problems, we constantly explore and summarize some simple but effective Method to make up for the imperfection of conventional spectrum analysis method.A method of monitoring and diagnosis based on spectrum analysis and other methods is added to make the diagnosis of fan vibration fault If more accurate. Are presented below.