国内外对尘肺的临床诊断,近年来从生化、电生理、免疫等方面做了大量的工作,寻找与尘肺病变有关的指标,但尚未获得满意的结果,X线胸部摄影仍为尘肺诊断的一种重要手段。近年来各种特殊投照技术以及电子计算机断层摄影(CT)在尘肺早期诊断上的应用,已引起国内外学者的重视,但这必须还离不开组织投影形态改变的分析,因此对疑难病例肺活检也正在应用到尘肺诊断的领域中,另外还有肺磁图等。今将上述各项研究情况分别介绍如下: 一、尘肺诊断的各种特殊摄影 (一)高仟伏摄影高仟伏摄影是用较高的仟伏、较低的毫安秒,增加胶片的层次,提高肺内微细病变的分辨力。而且对病人的照射量小,球管损耗低,减少其它组织对肺内的干扰。选择的对象为当肺纹理普遍增多、增粗的背景上出现细网织状阴影。在肺野的中外带互相交织重叠,难以确认混杂其间的矽结节,高仟伏射线可穿透结节周围结构,使给节阴影孤立。摄片条件为管电压110～130仟 Domestic and foreign clinical diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, in recent years from the biochemical, electrophysiological, immunological and other aspects of a lot of work done, looking for pneumoconiosis-related indicators, but have not been satisfied with the results of X-ray photography is still a pneumoconiosis diagnosis Kind of important means. In recent years, various special projection techniques and computer tomography (CT) in the early diagnosis of pneumoconiosis has attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad, but this must also be inseparable from the analysis of organizational projection morphological changes, the difficult cases Lung biopsy is also being applied to the field of pneumoconiosis diagnosis, in addition to lung magnetic maps. Now the above studies are introduced as follows: First, a variety of special photography pneumoconiosis diagnosis (A) high-kv photography High-kv photography is a higher thousand volts, lower millian-second, increase the level of the film , Improve the resolution of lung lesions. And the patient’s exposure to a small, low loss of the bulb, reducing the interference of other tissues of the lungs. The object of choice was a widespread reticulation of shades of the lung as the general increase in lung texture. In the lung field, the Chinese and foreign bands are intertwined with each other, making it difficult to confirm the presence of silicon nodules in the meantime. The high-kV volt rays penetrate the structures around the nodules to isolate the shadow of the node. Photographic conditions for tube voltage 110 ~ 130 thousand