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殷墟甲骨卜辭中出現的“十三月”是商代年終置閏的體現,也是商代曆法研究中的一個重要問題,因此學者早有討論。羅振玉是最早提出“十三月”是商代閏月的學者,他認爲“卜辭中書十三月者凡四見,殆皆有閏之年也”~([1])。這一觀點早已爲學界廣泛接受,成爲商代曆法研究的基本認識。但對於“十三月置閏制”的源起,由於過去甲骨卜辭的分類工作稍欠縝密,恐未完全解決。隨着甲骨卜辭字體分類方法的進步,加之具體卜辭分類實踐工作的展開,我們認爲現在可以通過字體分類來進一步討論這一問題,以獲得新的認識。
The appearance of “December” in the inscriptions on the bones of the Yin Ruins is an embodiment of the intercalary at the end of the Shang Dynasty and is also an important issue in the study of the calendars of Shang Dynasty. Therefore, scholars have discussed it for a long time. Luo Zhenyu was the earliest to put forward “” “March ” is a scholar of intercalary month Shang Dynasty, he believes “Bu Ci Zhongshu December those who see, there are also intercalated year also ” ~ ([1]). This view has long been widely accepted by academia and has become the basic understanding of the calendars of Shang Dynasty. However, since the origin of the “March Interlaced System”, due to the insignificance of classification in the past Oracle Inscriptions, fear has not been fully resolved. With the progress of the Oracle BBC classification method and the expansion of the practice of categorical classification of divination, we think that we can further discuss this issue through font classification in order to gain new understanding.