陈忠实在《白鹿原》里形象地描述了民国年间关中农家的负担问题。通过历史考察我们发现,小说里的描述是真实的。沉重的捐税与摊派不但使底层农民大批破产,即使乡村里无权无势的富户也不能幸免,这不但加速了关中乡村经济的凋敝与破产,也恶化了乡村政治结构。 Chen Zhongli vividly described the burden on the Guanzhong farmhouse during the Republic of China in “White Deer Plain.” Through the historical investigation we found that the description in the novel is true. The heavy taxation and apportionment not only caused a large number of bottom-level peasants to go bankrupt, but even wealthy and powerful households in the rural areas were not spared. This not only accelerated the collapse and bankruptcy of the rural economy in Guanzhong, but also worsened the political structure in rural areas.