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由于市场需求力量的推动,制度和技术的保证,气象服务的产品性质经历了从纯公共产品到公共产品与私人产品并存的变化历程,气象服务的供给模式也随之发生了变化,政府和私营企业成为供给模式中的两种供给主体。不同模式下具有不同的交易成本,交易成本的高低成为衡量供给模式选择的标准,有效的气象服务供给模式应保证交易成本最小化。公益性气象服务,在税收制度合理的情况下,由政府部门提供,交易成本较低;商业性气象服务,在产权制度健全,产权明晰的情况下,由私营企业提供,将极大地降低交易成本。
Due to the impetus of market demand, the assurance of system and technology, the nature of the product of meteorological service has gone through the process of evolution from purely public product to public product and private product, the mode of supply of meteorological service has also changed. Both government and private Enterprises become the two supply providers in supply mode. Different modes have different transaction costs, and the transaction costs become the measure of the choice of supply mode. The effective mode of meteorological service supply should ensure the transaction costs are minimized. The public welfare meteorological service is provided by the government departments with reasonable taxation system, and the transaction costs are relatively low. Commercial meteorological services, provided by the private sector when the system of property rights is sound and the property rights are clear, will greatly reduce transaction costs .