一、选择合适的课堂观察路径课堂观察的路径主要有教师、学生和教学场地器材三个方面。观察教师的教材整合、教学设计、教学方法、教学机智、学法指导、教学讲解、教学示范、教学语言、教学组织、场地器材的布置与使用等路径。观察学生的学练方式,学练情绪、学练态度、学练行为、学练能力(模仿力、观察力、思维力、想象力、记忆力)、学练质效等路径。在实践操作过程中,选择合适的观察路径首先要明晰观察目的,观察目的明晰了,就应确定具体的观察对象,然后把要观察的路径主题、内容、需要、侧重点等分配给每个观察合作者,这样就能获得比较全面、客观、真实和准确的观察信息;其次有效的观察点必须建立在可记录、可解释的前提下,比如教师设问和学生解答、教师示范和学生模仿、教师指导和学生纠错等。二、量身定做的课堂观察量表观课者想获得真实性的观察数据,不 First, choose the appropriate path for classroom observation Classroom observation path mainly teachers, students and teaching equipment three areas. Observe the teacher’s teaching material integration, teaching design, teaching methods, teaching tactics, learning guidance, teaching, teaching demonstration, teaching language, teaching organization, venue equipment layout and use of the path. Observe the students’ ways of study, study and practice, attitudes and attitudes, study and practice, study ability (imitation, observation, thinking, imagination, memory) In the course of practical operation, we must first clear the purpose of observation and select the appropriate observation path. When the purpose of observation is clear, we should determine the specific object of observation and then assign the subject, content, needs and emphasis of the path to be observed to each observation Collaborators so that more comprehensive, objective, realistic and accurate observations can be obtained. Second, effective observation points must be based on recordable and interpretable premises such as teacher questions and student answers, teacher demonstrations and student imitations, Teacher guidance and student error correction. Second, tailor-made classroom observation scale Observers want to get the authenticity of the observation data, no