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一、土壤对液氨的吸持土壤的吸持作用是指氨与土壤中有机、无机物相互作用发生的吸持和反应过程的总和.土壤团粒中有机和无机复合胶体表面积大,能吸附大量离子.土壤胶体离子通常带负电荷,钙、镁、钾、钠、氢等阳离子吸附其上,成为一种交换复合体.据此道理土壤中的铵离子(NH_4~+)也极易被土壤胶体离子牢固吸附.液氨直接施入土壤后迅速气化,并立即沿土壤团粒之间空隙扩散形成以施氨点为中心的近似同心圆带.圆带的形成大大增加了氨与土壤的接触,有利于吸附作用的进行.一般情况下,施入土壤的氨(NH_3)须电离为铵离子(NH_4~+)的形态再被土壤胶体进行化学吸附.由于氨极易溶于水,所以氨遇土壤水分后按下列电离方程方程式进行反应.即NH_3+H_2O(?)NH_4~++OH~-铵离子(NH_4~+)再通过阳离子代换被土壤胶体吸附.影响土壤吸持氨的主要因素有土壤质地、土壤水分和土壤结构及耕性等.1.土壤水分氨的溶解度很高,所以,当土壤施入液氨后液氨
First, soil adsorption of liquid ammonia Soil adsorption is the role of ammonia and soil organic and inorganic interactions occur absorption and the sum of the reaction process. Soil aggregate organic and inorganic complex colloidal surface area, can absorb a large amount Ions. Soil colloidal ions are usually negatively charged, and the cations such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and hydrogen are adsorbed on them and become an exchange complex. Therefore, the ammonium ions (NH 4 +) in soils are also easily affected by soil Colloidal ions firmly adsorbed liquid ammonia directly applied to the soil after rapid gasification, and immediately spread along the interstices between the soil aggregates to form an approximately concentric circular center with the ammonia point. The formation of a circular band greatly increased the ammonia contact with the soil , Is conducive to adsorption.Generally, ammonia (NH_3) applied to the soil must be ionized into the form of ammonium ion (NH_4 ~ +) and then chemically adsorbed by soil colloids.As ammonia is very soluble in water, ammonia In the case of soil moisture, the reaction is carried out according to the equation of ionization equation below: NH_3 + H_2O NH4 + ~ + OH ~ -Ammonium ion (NH_4 ~ +) is adsorbed by soil colloids through cation substitution, Factors have soil texture, soil moisture .1. Ammonia is highly soluble soil moisture and soil tilth like structure, so that, when applied to the soil liquid ammonia ammonia