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针对刚性挡墙不同变位模式,对基坑开挖过程中土体作用于墙上的主动土压力进行模型试验研究。试验模拟了在平移(T模式)、绕墙趾转动(RB模式)和绕墙顶转动(RT模式)3种基本刚性变位模式下挡墙土压力的变化,得到了墙背主动土压力的基本规律。试验观察发现,挡墙平移时,主动土压力呈重心下移的抛物线形,挡墙变位最大位移约0.002H时达到极限平衡状态;挡墙绕墙趾转动时,主动土压力近似呈三角形分布,约0.0035H时达到极限平衡状态;挡墙绕墙顶转动时,主动土压力呈上部大而下部小的抛物线形,约0.0025H时达到极限平衡状态。本文还将得到的主动土压力规律进行简化,得到了3种基本变位模式下的主动土压力简化图,对工程实践具有指导意义。
Aiming at the different displacement modes of rigid retaining wall, the model tests on the active earth pressure acting on the soil during excavation of the foundation pit are carried out. The tests simulate the earth pressure changes of the retaining wall under the three basic rigid displacement modes of translation (T mode), rotation around the wall toe (RB mode) and rotation around the top wall (RT mode), and obtain the active earth pressure Basic rules. Experimental observation shows that when the retaining wall is translating, the active earth pressure shows a parabolic shape whose center of gravity moves downwards, and the maximum displacement of the retaining wall reaches the limit equilibrium about 0.002H. When the retaining wall rotates around the wall toe, the active earth pressure is approximately triangular , About 0.0035H to reach the limit equilibrium state; retaining wall rotation around the top of the wall, the active earth pressure was large upper part of the lower part of the small parabolic shape, reaching about 0.0025H limit equilibrium. In this paper, we also simplified the active earth pressure obtained and simplified the active earth pressure in three kinds of basic displacement modes, which is of guiding significance to engineering practice.