本文以岩石力学关于岩石变形破坏的基本原理为基础,研究了在支承压力作用下顶煤破碎机理.分析了完整煤体的剪切破坏、煤体(含弱面)沿弱面和穿过弱面的剪切破坏的强度特性和破坏准则.并以梅河三井等五个综放工作面为例,运用现场统计观测资料和实验室相似材料模拟实验数据,描速了弱面状态参数与综放工作面地压落煤效果之间的关系. Based on the basic principle of rock mechanics on the deformation and failure of rock, the mechanism of top coal crushing under supporting pressure is studied.The shear failure of intact coal, the weakness along the weak and the weak Strength and failure criterion of shear failure.According to the five fully mechanized coal caving mining faces in Meihe River as an example, the experimental data of on-site statistic observation data and laboratory similar materials are used to describe the state parameters of weak face and the working face of fully mechanized top coal caving The relationship between surface pressure coal effect.