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采用模拟水田基肥施用NH4 HCO3 的方法 ,研究了不同施肥—耕作方法对水田水层和土层滤液中NH+ 4—N浓度及分配量的影响。结果表明 :施肥—耕作方法对水层和土壤滤液中NH+ 4—N浓度及分配量有显著的影响。 3种施肥—耕作方法中 ,水层NH+ 4—N浓度及分配量为方法Ⅰ (灌水—施肥—耕作—沉清 ) <Ⅱ (灌水—耕作—施肥—沉清 ) <Ⅲ (灌水—耕作—沉清—施肥 ) ,土壤滤液中NH+ 4—N浓度及分配量为Ⅰ >Ⅱ >Ⅲ ;随着施肥量的增加 ,3种耕作法的水层、土层滤液中的NH+ 4—N浓度均有增加 ,水层中的增加量为方法Ⅰ <Ⅱ <Ⅲ ,土层滤液中增加量为Ⅰ >Ⅱ >Ⅲ。综合比较 ,方法Ⅰ对于减少水田中氮素损失 ,提高氮肥利用率 ,控制氮素污染具有较高的应用价值。
The effects of different fertilization and tillage methods on the concentration and distribution of NH + 4-N in the aqueous and soil layers of paddy field were studied by simulating the application of NH 4 HCO3 in paddy field. The results showed that fertilization and tillage methods had a significant effect on NH + 4-N concentration and distribution in both aqueous layer and soil filtrate. Among the three kinds of fertilization and tillage methods, the concentration and allocation of NH + 4-N in the water layer were the same as that of the method Ⅰ (irrigation- fertilization- tillage-Shenqing) <Ⅱ (irrigation- tillage- fertilization- Shenqing) Shen-fertilization), NH + 4-N concentration and distribution in soil filtrate were Ⅰ> Ⅱ> Ⅲ. With the increase of fertilizer application, NH + 4-N concentration in both tillage and aquifer filtrates Increased, the increase in water layer method Ⅰ <Ⅱ <Ⅲ, the amount of soil filtrate increased Ⅰ> Ⅱ> Ⅲ. Taken together, method I has high value for reducing nitrogen loss in paddy field, increasing nitrogen use efficiency and controlling nitrogen pollution.