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比较文学已走过了一百多年,但比较文学的“比较”内涵依然没有得到有说服力的梳理或界定,其中的主要根源是传统研究的“总体论”取向。通过开辟一种有别于传统研究的路径,即“个体论”取向,依据“观念”与“方法”的关联性(即两者之间的相生性与疏离性),可将“比较”分为“他律性比较”与“自律性比较”。“他律性比较”是指与“观念”相生的“比较”;“自律性比较”是指与“观念”疏离的“比较”。对“两个比较”的揭示,使比较文学的“比较”内涵得到一次学理性的朗照。
Comparative literature has gone through more than one hundred years. However, the connotation of “comparative” in comparative literature has not yet been persuasively combed or defined. The main reason for this is the “overall theory” orientation of traditional research. By opening up a path that is different from the traditional research, that is, the orientation of “individualism ” and the relationship between “idea ” and “method ” (ie, the compatibility and alienation between the two) Can “comparison ” is divided into “comparison of his law ” and “self-discipline comparison ”. “Comparison of heresy ” refers to “comparison ” which is conformed with “idea ”; “comparison of self-discipline ” means “comparison ” which is alienated from “idea The revelation of ”two comparisons “ gives a rational illumination to the ”comparative" connotation of comparative literature.