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目的了解上海市杨浦区手足口病流行病学特征,为有效控制手足口病暴发流行提供相关依据。方法对上海市杨浦区2005-2008年手足口病疫情监测资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果上海市杨浦区2005-2008年共发生手足口病1348例,平均年发病率27.48/10万,无重症和死亡病例报告。男女性别构成比1.46∶1。发病人群主要为1～5岁儿童,占85.39%,本区人口2岁、3岁组儿童发病率达1000/10万以上;5～7月为该病的高发季节,在托幼机构易引起暴发。临床表现主要为发热和皮疹,皮疹部位以手、足、口、臀等为主。结论手足口病的发生有明显年龄、性别、季节特征,在短时期内可造成较大范围的流行,疫情控制难度大,但领导重视,采取预警监测,准确应急处置,健康教育宣传和培训等综合措施,疫情可以得到有效控制。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Yangpu District of Shanghai and provide relevant evidences for controlling the outbreak of HFMD. Methods Epidemiological analysis of epidemic situation of HFMD in 2005-2008 in Yangpu District, Shanghai was performed. Results A total of 1348 hand-foot-mouth disease cases occurred in Yangpu District of Shanghai from 2005 to 2008, with an average annual incidence of 27.48 / 100 000. There were no reports of severe cases and deaths. Male and female sex ratio 1.46: 1. The incidence of the main group of children aged 1 to 5 years, accounting for 85.39%, the region population of 2 years old, 3-year-old children the incidence rate of 1000/10000 or more; 5 to 7 months for the high season of the disease, nurseries prone to cause outbreak. The main clinical manifestations of fever and rash, rash site to hand, foot, mouth, buttocks and other mainly. Conclusion The occurrence of hand, foot and mouth disease has obvious age, gender and seasonal features, which can cause a wide range of epidemic in a short period of time. It is difficult to control the epidemic situation, but leaders should pay attention to early warning and monitoring, accurate emergency response, publicity and training of health education, etc. Comprehensive measures can effectively control the epidemic.