缺铁和缺铁性贫血(IDA)是目前全球四大营养缺乏性疾病之一,我国儿童缺铁和IDA总体发病率接近50%,严重危害儿童的生长发育与健康水平。现结合中华医学会儿科学分会于2008年修订的《儿童缺铁和缺铁性贫血诊断标准和防治建议》,总结以往经验体会,对防治儿童缺铁和IDA目前可能存在的问题、诊断要点和防治经验,密切结合临床实际,提出防治方法方面的具体建议与措施。 Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the four major nutritional deficiencies in the world, iron deficiency in our country and the overall incidence of IDA close to 50%, seriously endangering children’s growth and development and health. Now combined with the Chinese Medical Association Pediatrics branch in 2008 revised “children iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia diagnostic criteria and prevention and treatment recommendations”, sum up past experience, prevention and treatment of iron deficiency in children and IDA may exist problems, diagnosis and Prevention and treatment experience, combined with clinical practice, put forward specific prevention measures and recommendations.