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目的探讨三维及二维产前超声诊断胎儿显性脊柱裂畸形的诊断价值。方法应用GE 730型超声诊断仪对胎儿进行畸形筛查,检出脊柱裂畸形后观察胎儿颅内结构以及合并其他部位畸形情况。结果 5000例孕妇检出胎儿显性脊柱裂畸形20例,该20例均经引产或生产后证实,20例胎儿显性脊柱裂畸形中,发生于骶尾部15例,胸椎部3例,颈椎部2例,其中15例合并羊水过多,10例合并脑积水,5例合并柠檬头,3例合并香蕉头,1例合并马蹄肾,1例合并单脐动脉,1例合并全前脑。结论三维超声可以对胎儿体表及体内结构进行重建,提高了直观、逼真的诊断依据,对二维超声具有重要的补充作用,两者联合检查可提高检查率,具有较大的临床价值。
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of three-dimensional and two-dimensional prenatal diagnosis of fetal dominant spina bifida malformation. Methods GE 730 ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus fetus deformity screening, detection of spina bifida malformation after observation of fetal intracranial structure and other parts of the deformity. Results Totally 20 cases of fetal dominant spina bifida were detected in 5000 pregnant women. All of the 20 cases were confirmed by induction of labor or after birth. Among the 20 fetus with dominant spina bifida, 15 cases occurred in sacrococcygeal, 3 cases in thoracic vertebra, 2 cases, of which 15 cases were associated with polyhydramnios, 10 cases with hydrocephalus, 5 cases with lemon head, 3 cases with banana head, 1 case with horseshoe kidney, 1 case with single umbilical artery, 1 case merged with the whole forebrain. Conclusion Three-dimensional ultrasound can reconstruct the fetal surface and the internal structure of the fetus, which enhances the intuitive and realistic diagnostic basis and plays an important role in two-dimensional ultrasound. The combined examination can improve the examination rate and has great clinical value.