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利用毛细管电泳(CE)分离牛乳中β-乳球蛋白(β-Lg)的三种遗传变异体,为牛乳的质量监控提供方法。分别制备牦牛、犏牛和藏黄牛乳清,用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)和CE分析乳清蛋白。结果表明,CE法与PAGE法都能有效分离β-Lg的三种遗传变异体;在牦牛乳中加入不同比例的犏牛乳,用CE法可检测到的犏牛乳最低添加比例约为5%,线性关系好。另外,对藏黄牛杂合型β-Lg的两种遗传变异体分析显示,CE法比PAGE法能更准确对β-Lg A和β-Lg B的相对比例进行分析。本研究结果表明,CE方法能对乳中β-Lg的三种遗传变异体进行有效分离和定量分析,在牦牛乳的质量监控方面具有潜在的应用价值。
The separation of three genetic variants of β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) in milk by capillary electrophoresis (CE) provides a method for the quality control of milk. Yaks, cattle and yellow cattle whey were separately prepared and whey proteins were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and CE. The results showed that both CE and PAGE methods could effectively separate three genetic variants of β-Lg. The minimum proportion of milk with milk added by different proportion of yak milk was about 5% Good linear relationship. In addition, analysis of two genetic variants of homozygous β-Lg in cattle showed that the relative ratio of β-Lg A to β-Lg B could be more accurately determined by CE than by PAGE. The results of this study show that the CE method can effectively separate and quantitatively analyze three genetic variants of β-Lg in milk and has potential application value in the quality control of yak milk.