一 几个世纪以来,在资本主义世界市场形成与发展的过程中,资本主义世界的经济中心,随着世界各地区政治、经济形势的发展,也在变动着。15世纪末、16世纪初的地理大发现,意大利港口由于远离世界商路,失去了独占东方贸易和欧洲商业中心的地位,世界航路中心转移到葡萄牙和西班牙。16世纪里斯本成了欧洲最大商港之一,西班牙成为欧洲最大的殖民帝国。随着西班牙、葡萄牙殖民帝国衰落,17世纪荷兰成了欧洲的经济中心。英国17世纪中 For centuries, in the process of the formation and development of the capitalist world market, the economic center of the capitalist world is also changing with the political and economic developments in various regions of the world. At the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, the Geographical Survey found that the Italian ports lost their monopoly on Eastern trade and European commercial center as they were far away from the world’s commercial routes, and the WCO was transferred to Portugal and Spain. Lisbon became one of Europe’s largest trading ports in the 16th century, and Spain became Europe’s largest colonial empire. With the decline of the Portuguese colonial empire in Spain, the seventeenth century the Netherlands became Europe’s economic center. Britain in the 17th century