将对材料声发射的研究同对力学过程的研究、材料断裂损伤等破坏过程的研究相结合，提出了声发射过程的概念。在此基础上，进一步给出了定量考察声发射过程自相似性的自相似特征＊函数．测试结果分析表明，混凝土试块在单轴压缩过程中，声发射过程的自相似程度随着应力状态的变化而变化． The research on acoustic emission of materials is combined with the research on the mechanical process and the failure process of material fracture damage, and the concept of acoustic emission process is proposed. On this basis, we further give a self-similar feature *  function that quantitatively studies the self-similarity of acoustic emission process. The test results show that the self-similarity of acoustic emission process changes with the change of stress state during the uniaxial compression test.