一、德国目前劳动力就业的基本情况目前,德国人口约为8203万,其中劳动力人口约3969.4万,劳动力参与率男性为67.9%,女性为48.2%。由于一些社会政策的偏差,如高工资、高福利及限制企业裁员等规定,近年来经济运转乏力,国际竞争力下降,甚至削弱了企业雇工的积极性,所以失业率居高不下,尤其是东部有些地区失业率甚至高达20%,地区间差异很大。目前,西部地区平均失业率则为8%,东西部失业率相比差12%,而且长期失业者人数增加,平均失业期延长。德国政府认为高失业地区并非是其促进就业政策不利,而是当地经济结构落伍、市场竞争力差、产品滞销等原因严重影响就业。因此,对这类地区,国家则更重视其经济结构的调整,为解决就业问题奠定宏观基础,营造大环境。二、德国政府近年就业促进政策的重点充分就业是德国社会市场经济所追求的总目标之一,它是减少社会保障压力的最好办法。为此,近年来德国政府采取以下主要措施:(一)扩增财政补助1、政府出资,以补贴工资的方式(补贴工资的30%-80%),增加高失业地区公益性事业(如环卫、绿化、基础设施建设等领域)的就业岗位;2、设立新企业社会保险补助金。具体做法为:新企业成立 First, the basic situation of Germany's current employment of labor At present, Germany has a population of about 82.03 million, of which the labor force is about 39.694 million. The labor force participation rate is 67.9% for males and 48.2% for females. Due to some social policy deviations, such as high wages, high welfare and restrictions on corporate layoffs, the economy has been sluggish in economy and the international competitiveness has been declining in recent years. Even the enthusiasm of enterprises has been weakened, so the unemployment rate remains high, especially in the east Unemployment rates are even as high as 20% in the region and vary greatly from region to region. At present, the average unemployment rate in the western region is 8%, while the unemployment rate in the eastern and western regions is 12%, while the number of long-term unemployed people increases and the average unemployment period is extended. The German government believes that the high-unemployment areas are not detrimental to their employment promotion policies. Rather, they are outdated in the local economic structure, with poor market competitiveness and poor sales of products, which seriously affect their employment. Therefore, for these regions, the state places more emphasis on the adjustment of its economic structure and lays a macroscopic foundation for solving the employment problem and creates a great environment. Second, the focus of the German government employment promotion policies in recent years, full employment is one of the general goals pursued by the German market economy, it is the best way to reduce the pressure on social security. To this end, the German government in recent years to take the following major measures: (A) the expansion of financial subsidies 1, the government funded to subsidize the wages (30% -80% subsidy wage), increase public service in high unemployment areas (such as sanitation , Afforestation, infrastructure construction and other fields); 2, the establishment of new corporate social insurance benefits. The specific approach is: the establishment of new business