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机载激光雷达测深系统(ALB)是除声呐测深系统之外最可靠的遥感水深测量系统。随着ALB的商业化,越来越多的研究机构能够获取到水体全回波数据,对水体全回波数据的处理方法也越来越多。本文首先介绍ALB测量原理的基础上,对全波数据的预处理和波峰搜索算法进行概述,并对这些处理方法的优缺点进行总结。考虑到激光脉冲和水面、水体以及水底的作用是个复杂的过程,所以文章接着分析了影响ALB测深精度的主要因素(水深、水质和水下底质反射率),并在最后总结归纳了ALB系统在水下地物分类中的最新应用现状和未来应用的发展趋势。
Airborne lidar sounding system (ALB) is the most reliable remote sensing water depth measurement system besides sonar sounding system. With the commercialization of ALB, more and more research institutes have been able to obtain full echo data of water bodies and more and more methods of processing full echo data of water bodies. This paper first introduces the principle of ALB measurement, summarizes the preprocessing and peak search algorithms of full wave data, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Considering the laser pulses and the water surface, water body and bottom of the water are complicated processes, the article then analyzes the main factors (depth, water quality and underwater sediment reflectance) that affect the accuracy of ALB sounding, and finally summarizes the ALB The latest application status of the system in underwater feature classification and the future application of the development trend.