出入新史学陈寅恪在为陈垣所作的《敦煌劫余录序》那篇著名的序文中提出: 一时代之学术,必有其新材料与新问题。取用此材料,以研求问题,则为此时代学术之新潮流。治学之士,得预于此潮流者,谓之预流(借用佛教初果之名)。其未得预者,谓之朱入流。此古今学术史之通义,非彼闭门造车之徒,所能同喻者也。 19世纪末20世纪初,随着清政府的日益衰朽,西学日益猖炽,躬逢其时 In and Out of New History Chen Yinke made the famous preface to Chen Yuan’s “Dunhuang Manchu Recorded Preface,” that one academic era must have its new materials and new problems. Access to this material, in order to research the problem, then the new trend of academic era. Scholars, presumably in the trend of those who pre-flow (borrowed the name of the first fruits of Buddhism). Its unprecedented, that Zhu into the stream. This ancient and modern academic history of the righteousness, not behind closed doors, can do with the metaphor also. In the late 19th century and the early 20th century, with the decaying of the Qing government, Western learning became more and more rampant,