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美国历来重视科技进步对经济增长的作用,1989年美国研究开发的经费中,企业界的投资占48.4%,政府预算拨款占47.4%。从研究开发经费的使用部门来看,企业占72.0%,高等院校占14.0%。企业在美国的研究开发中越来越起重要的作用。目前美国促进企业技术进步投资的主要手段有优惠的税收政策加速固定资产折旧和支持设备租赁业的发展等。在美国,风险资本投资是发展高技术公司的关键。此外,美国通过小企业发展法,扶植小企业的发展。
The United States has always attached importance to the role of scientific and technological progress in economic growth. In the 1989 U.S. research and development funds, investment in the business sector accounted for 48.4%, and government budget allocations accounted for 47.4%. From the use of research and development funds, enterprises accounted for 72.0%, colleges and universities accounted for 14.0%. Companies play an increasingly important role in the research and development in the United States. At present, the main means for the U.S. to promote the technological advancement of enterprises are preferential tax policies to speed up the depreciation of fixed assets and support the development of the equipment leasing industry. In the United States, venture capital investment is the key to the development of high-tech companies. In addition, the United States promotes the development of small businesses through the Small Business Development Act.