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目的对6~36个月婴幼儿进行铁缺乏的情况调查,并分析其相关因素。方法 2014年1月-2015年12月,采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取来该院进行健康体检的6~36个月婴幼儿646例,排除其他疾病的干扰,对其进行铁缺乏的检测和喂养人的问卷调查,并针对分析结果进行健康教育。结果①6~12个月和13~36个月龄婴幼儿患病率情况:铁缺乏症(ID)分别为42.78%和34.97%,缺铁性贫血(IDA)为18.89%和6.99%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。6~12个月龄婴儿患病率较高,随着年龄的增长患病率逐渐下降;6~12月龄婴儿ID和IDA患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);13~36个月龄幼儿ID和IDA比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②不同性别间比较:6~12个月龄婴儿ID患病率,男42.25%、女42.77%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),IDA患病率男19.25%,女18.50%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);13~36个月龄幼儿ID患病率,男35.71%,女34.85%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),IDA患病率,男7.79%,女6.06%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③通过对喂养人的问卷调查分析,正常组和患病组比较,在喂养方式、辅食添加时间、辅食添加方法、喂养环境、婴幼儿的进食行为、喂养人的喂养行为等方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论该地区6~36个月婴幼儿ID的状况比较严重,家庭喂养行为尤其重要,需要引起全社会、儿保人员和喂养人的高度重视,特别应提高喂养人的保健意识和营养知识。
Objective To investigate the iron deficiency in infants from 6 to 36 months and analyze the related factors. Methods From January 2014 to December 2015, 646 infants and young children aged 6 to 36 months who took physical examination in the hospital were collected by random cluster sampling method to exclude the interference of other diseases and to detect iron deficiency Feeding people’s questionnaire, and analyze the results for health education. Results ① The prevalence rates of infants and young children aged 6 ~ 12 months and 13 ~ 36 months were 42.78% and 34.97% for iron deficiency and 18.89% and 6.99% for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) There was statistical significance (P <0.05). The prevalence of infants aged 6 to 12 months was higher, and the prevalence decreased with age. The prevalence of ID and IDA in infants aged 6-12 months was significantly different (P <0.05). 13 ~ 36 months old children ID and IDA, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). (2) The prevalence of ID in 6 ~ 12 month-old infants was 42.25% and 42.77% respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). The prevalence of IDA was 19.25% in male and 18.50% in female, The prevalence of IDA in 13-36 months old children was 35.71% and 34.85% respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). The prevalence of IDA was 7.79% in male, Female 6.06%, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). (3) According to the questionnaire survey of feeding people, the difference between normal group and diseased group was statistically significant in terms of feeding mode, time of complementary feeding, feeding method of complementary food, feeding environment, feeding behavior of infants and young children, feeding behavior of feeding people Significance (P <0.05). Conclusion The situation of ID in infants and young children aged 6 ~ 36 months in this area is rather serious. Family feeding behavior is particularly important. It needs to attach great importance to the whole society, child care workers and feeding people. In particular, health care awareness and nutritional knowledge should be improved.