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为了解释 d~(10)离子性质具有同族交替的现象,本文拟定以离子的有效核电荷 z 对金属原子半径 rm 之比,来表征价层电子位能函数.此参量 z~*/rm 定义为“拐标”。用拐标对 Z 作图时可得到同族交替变化的山形曲线。推测这种电子位能的山形变化是由于 d 或 f 轨道径向分布的拖尾所引起的。按此所得的结论同重原子的相对论效应完全一致。
In order to explain the phenomenon that ions of the same polarity alternate with each other, the electron potential energy function of the valence electrons is characterized by the ratio of the effective nuclear charges z of the ions to the radius rm of the metal atoms. The parameter z ~ * / rm is defined as “Shoulder mark.” When plotting with Z, you can get the Yamagata curve that alternates with the same family. It is speculated that the mountain shape of this electron potential energy is caused by the tailing of the radial distribution of d or f orbitals. The conclusion drawn here is exactly the same as the relativistic effect of heavy atoms.