目的　我国广东省南澳县恙虫病发病率近年明显增高 ,而国内关于此疫源地的记录极少。本研究对该地区恙虫病疫源地进行全面研究。方法　疫源地流行病学调查 ,病原分离鉴定与分子生物学研究 ,预防措施的制定。结果　该地区为南亚热带岛屿疫源地 ,主要宿主为褐家鼠 ,主要媒介为地里纤恙螨 ,褐家鼠与地里纤恙螨的季节消长与发病均一致。从宿主与媒介分离到恙虫病立克次体经鉴定为 Karp株。分子生物学结果与鉴定结果基本一致同时还证明存在 Kato株与韩国地方株(Yonchon)。血清流行病学调查表明该地区居民与部队人群均存在恙虫病立克次体抗体。在流行季节前应用综合预防措施当年无病例发生。结论　我国南澳县是恙虫病疫源地 Objective The incidence of scrub typhus in Nan’ao County, Guangdong Province, China, has been significantly increased in recent years. However, there are few reports about this epidemic in China. This study conducted a comprehensive study of the epidemic area of ​​scrub typhus. Methods Epidemiological investigation of foci, pathogen isolation and identification and molecular biology, preventive measures. Results The area was a sub-tropical island of South Asia. The main host was Rattus norvegicus. The main medium was Chigger mites, and the seasonal fluctuation and incidence of Chigger spp. Rickettsia tsutsugamushi isolated from host and vector was identified as Karp strain. The result of molecular biology is consistent with the result of identification, and Kato strain and Yonchon strain are also confirmed. Serological epidemiological survey showed that there are Rickettsia tsutsugamushi antibody in residents and troops in this area. There was no case of any combination of precautionary measures in the pre-epidemic season. Conclusion Nanao County in China is the source of scrub typhus