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自然灾害发生后,首先考虑的问题之一是如何尽快赶赴灾区实施救助,而自然灾害的一个直接结果往往是对道路交通产生毁灭性的破坏即所谓的公路自然灾害。因此,研究公路自然灾害及其应急预警预报方法具有重要的意义。本文立足于建立基于GIS的公路自然灾害预警预报系统,分析了自然灾害的类型和公路自然灾害的成因,讨论了公路自然灾害GIS的空间数据和属性数据的类型和数据组织技术,针对地质、暴风雪天气、地震等不同成因的公路自然灾害,提出了基于GIS的公路自然灾害预警预报系统的解决方案。并已经运用于为用户开发的公路自然灾害应急预警预报系统中。
After the natural disasters occur, one of the first considerations is how to rush to the disaster-stricken areas as soon as possible to implement the rescue. However, a direct result of natural disasters is often the devastating destruction of road traffic, the so-called highway natural disasters. Therefore, it is of great significance to study natural disasters and their emergency warning and forecasting methods. Based on the establishment of GIS-based natural disasters early warning and forecasting system, the paper analyzes the types of natural disasters and the causes of natural disasters in the highway, and discusses the spatial data and attribute data types and data organization techniques of highway natural disasters GIS. Weather, earthquakes and other causes of natural disasters of different causes, proposed based on GIS natural disaster early warning and forecast system solutions. And has been applied to the user-developed natural disaster emergency warning and forecasting system.