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目的:总结气管内膜结核(EBTB)的临床特点,胸部影像学表现,纤维支气管镜检查结果。方法:对两院2002年9月～2004年9月诊断为EBTB的36例患者进行回顾性分析。结果:临床特点以咳嗽、咳痰、发热、胸闷、气促、咯血、胸痛、喘鸣。胸部X线表现为肺不张、阻塞性肺炎、肺门阴影增大、局限性肺气肿。纤维支气管检查结果,炎性浸润型38.8%(14/36),黏膜溃疡或干酪坏死型22.2%(8/36),肉芽增殖型19.4%(7/36),瘢痕狭窄型13.9%(5/36),大致正常5.7%(2/36)。结论:支气管内膜结核缺乏特异性临床表现,X线和痰涂片的诊断价值不高,纤维支气管镜检查是诊断支气管内膜结核的最重要方法。
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical features of endotracheal tuberculosis (EBTB), chest radiographic findings, and bronchoscopic findings. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 36 patients with EBTB diagnosed in both hospitals from September 2002 to September 2004. Results: The clinical features of cough, sputum, fever, chest tightness, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, chest pain, wheezing. Chest X-ray showed atelectasis, obstructive pneumonia, hilar shadow increased, limited emphysema. The results of fibrobronchoscopy showed that the infiltration rate was 38.8% (14/36) in inflammatory infiltrates, 22.2% (8/36) in mucosal ulcers or necrosis of cheese, 19.4% (7/36) in granulation proliferation and 13.9% (5 / 36), roughly normal 5.7% (2/36). Conclusion: The endobronchial tuberculosis of the bronchial tube lacks specific clinical manifestations, and the diagnostic value of X-ray and sputum smear is not high. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is the most important method to diagnose endobronchial tuberculosis.