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针对大黑河平原区地下水超采及其溯源追踪问题,基于2010~2014年的气象、水文及地下水资料,分析了大黑河平原区地下水补排平衡关系及地下水时空演变特征,采用水量平衡法定量分析了降水、地下水开采等要素对该平原区地下水补排平衡的贡献率。结果表明,大黑河平原区地下水位整体下降,市区下降最为显著;地下水变化的主要驱动要素依次为地下水开采(28.76%)>降水入渗补给(23.44%)>潜水蒸发(21.20%)>山前侧渗补给(18.94%);时间上,5~6月地下水开采对地下水变化贡献最大(52%),8~9月降水入渗补给是地下水变化的第一驱动要素(56%);空间上,大黑河平原区大部分区域降水是地下水变化的第一驱动要素,而在市区地下水开采是地下水位变化的主要驱动要素。研究成果可为地下水管理提供技术支撑。
According to the meteorological, hydrological and groundwater data from 2010 to 2014, the groundwater recharge and balance relationship and groundwater temporal-spatial evolution of the Daheihe Plain are analyzed. According to the quantitative analysis of the water balance method The contribution rate of precipitation and groundwater extraction to groundwater recharge balance in this plain area. The results showed that the groundwater level in Daheihe Plain decreased overall, and the decline in urban area was the most significant. The main driving factors of groundwater change were groundwater exploitation (28.76%), precipitation infiltration (23.44%), phreatic evaporation (21.20%), In the time period, the groundwater mining contribution from May to June contributed the most to the groundwater change (52%), and the recharge from August to September was the first driving factor (56%) of the groundwater change; the space On the other hand, precipitation in most parts of the Daheihe Plain is the first driving factor for groundwater changes. However, groundwater exploitation in urban areas is the main driving factor for groundwater level changes. The research results can provide technical support for groundwater management.