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目的对四川省凉山彝族自治州中老年人慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)的流行病学进行调查研究,以提高CKD的知晓率、治疗率,从而达到减少并延缓终末期肾脏病发生的目的。方法对凉山彝族自治州行政事业单位5677例40岁以上在职及离退休职工进行问卷调查、体格检查以及肾脏损伤及血糖、血脂检测,并进行统计学分析和比较。结果在4984例资料完整的受检人员中,尿蛋白阳性率为5.1%,高血压,高血糖人员中,蛋白尿发生率分别为11.0%和10.9%,两者正常其蛋白尿发生率则分别为3.1%和3.8%;血尿酸增高及高血脂人员的尿蛋白发生率分别为7.9%,6.8%,正常者为4.2%和4.3%;慢性肾脏病患病率17.8%,知晓率仅1.0%。结论凉山彝族自治州中老年人群中,CKD具有较高的患病率,患病指数高于发达国家甚至国内许多地区,但知晓率和治疗率却低于上述国家与地区,早期防治CKD的形式严峻。
Objective To investigate the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the elderly in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province so as to improve the awareness and treatment rate of CKD so as to reduce and delay the occurrence of end stage renal disease . Methods A total of 5677 active and retired staff over the age of 40 in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture were investigated by questionnaire, physical examination, renal injury, blood glucose and blood lipid, and statistical analysis and comparison were made. Results The positive rate of urinary protein in 4984 cases with complete data was 5.1%. The incidences of proteinuria in hypertension and hyperglycemia were 11.0% and 10.9% Were 3.1% and 3.8% respectively. The incidences of hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia were 7.9% and 6.8% respectively in normal subjects and 4.2% and 4.3% in normal subjects respectively. The prevalence rate of chronic kidney disease was 17.8% and the awareness rate was only 1.0% . Conclusion Among the middle-aged and elderly population in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, CKD has a higher prevalence and a higher prevalence index than those in developed countries and even in many parts of China. However, the awareness rate and treatment rate are lower than the above countries and regions. The form of CKD in early prevention and treatment is severe .