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目的:了解无痛人工流产者对避孕知识的知晓程度与实际使用情况及影响因素。方法:采用横断面调查的方法,对因非意愿妊娠而自愿要求无痛人工流产者进行面对面的问卷调查,探究她们对于避孕方法的知与行的异同及其原因,并采用单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归法分析每种避孕方法使用情况的影响因素。结果:在609名无痛人工流产者中,平均年龄为28.3±5.2岁,重复人工流产率为50.1%,首次性生活年龄为22.0±2.8岁。知道≥3种避孕方法者占95%以上。对某种避孕方法,使用者与知晓者的比例总体上从高到低顺序为避孕套(91.0%)、紧急避孕药(71.2%)、安全期(63.3%)、体外排精(58.8%)、杀精剂(21.1%)、口服避孕药(OC)(19.2%)、宫内节育器(IUD)(8.9%);目前使用者与曾经使用者的比例总体上从高到低顺序为安全期(83.4%)、避孕套(79.0%)、体外排精(71.2%)、杀精剂(50.0%)、紧急避孕药(36.1%)、IUD(11.4%)、OC(10.0%)。IUD和OC的停用和不愿使用的比例较高,主要原因是顾虑其副作用。未婚无分娩史者对安全期、体外排精、IUD和OC的知晓率较低,有分娩史者使用安全期、避孕套和IUD的比例最高,使用OC的比例最低;年龄、收入、流产次数对未婚无分娩史者选用避孕方法的影响比较大。结论:妇女对避孕方法的知晓度较高,但多未使用高效的避孕方法,避孕失误多,应加强流产后服务及避孕知情选择工作,指导妇女正确地选择和使用避孕方法,提高避孕效率。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the level of awareness of contraceptive knowledge and the actual usage and influencing factors of painless abortion. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to conduct a face-to-face questionnaire survey of patients who volunteered for painless induced abortion due to unwanted pregnancies to find out the similarities and differences between them and their causes and using single and multiple factors Non-conditional logistic regression analysis of factors influencing the use of each contraceptive method. RESULTS: Out of 609 painless abortion cases, the mean age was 28.3 ± 5.2 years, the rate of repeated abortion was 50.1%, and the first sexual life was 22.0 ± 2.8 years. Know that more than 3 kinds of contraceptive methods accounted for more than 95%. For a particular method of contraception, the proportion of users to those who knew was generally condoms (91.0%), emergency contraception (71.2%), safe period (63.3%) and exosomes (58.8% , Spermicide (21.1%), oral contraceptives (OC) (19.2%) and IUD (8.9%). The current user-to-former user ratio is generally descending order (83.4%), condom (79.0%), in vitro ejaculation (71.2%), spermicide (50.0%), emergency contraception (36.1%), IUD (11.4%) and OC (10.0%). IUD and OC are discontinued and reluctant to use a higher proportion, mainly due to its side effects. The history of unmarried without childbirth for the safety period, in vitro ejaculation, IUD and OC awareness is low, with delivery history of the use of safety period, the highest proportion of condoms and IUD, the lowest proportion of OC; age, income, miscarriage frequency There is a big impact on the method of using contraception for those who have no history of giving birth. Conclusion: Women are more aware of the methods of contraception. However, most women do not use highly effective contraceptive methods and have many contraceptive errors. Women should be guided to choose services and how to use contraceptive methods in order to improve contraceptive efficiency.