本文讨论语言研究方法论中的一个重要命题 ,即概念的必要性和事实的必要性之间的张力问题。文章比较我国语言研究传统和生成语法在语言研究方法论上的差异 ,并就其中的原因进行探讨。文章指出 ,我国语言研究从根本上说是倚重语言事实 ,而生成语法则更强调观念上的必要性。生成语法的近期发展既体现了观念上的一致性 ,也体现了观念上的演化。 This article discusses an important proposition in the methodology of linguistic research, namely, the tension between conceptual necessity and factual necessity. The article compares the differences of the methodology of linguistic research between the tradition of linguistic research and the grammar of Chinese and discusses the reasons. The article points out that the study of language in our country basically relies on the fact of language, while the generated grammar emphasizes more on the necessity of concept. The recent development of the generated grammar reflects not only the conceptual consistency but also the conceptual evolution.