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我先后在五十多所幼儿园(班)调查了常识教材中物理常识的教学情况,深感有诸多问题亟待解决。现以物理常识的部分教材为例,就其教法谈谈自己的看法。在给幼儿讲解某一物理现象时,我们应充分考虑幼儿头脑中对该现象的已有表象,从引导他们观察、感知入手,不要一下子跨到理性的科学的高度上去。如摩擦起电,多数老师上课时按参考书上的方法给幼儿做实验(用摩擦过的塑料尺或塑料梳子去吸小纸片),并讲解这就是摩擦起电。但是,幼儿平时所看到和感知的电现象是发光(电灯)、发热(电熨斗)、发声(电铃)
I have investigated the teaching of common sense in common sense teaching materials in more than fifty kindergartens (classes). I feel deeply that there are many problems that need to be resolved. Some textbooks on physical knowledge are used as examples to discuss their views on their teaching methods. When explaining a certain physical phenomenon to children, we should fully consider the existing representations of the phenomenon in the young children’s minds, and guide them to observe and perceive them. Do not step across the scientific heights of rationality. If frictional electrification occurs, most teachers conduct experiments for children in the reference book method (using a rubbed plastic ruler or a plastic comb to suck small pieces of paper), and explain that this is frictional electrification. However, the electric phenomenon that young children usually see and perceive is light (light), heat (electric iron), and sound (electric bell)