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人工分子机器按其能量驱动方式可以分为化学驱动、电化学驱动和光驱动三类.溶液酸碱度调控(p H调控)驱动属于化学驱动的一种,其基本原理是通过加入酸碱性化合物调节溶液的酸碱度从而改变体系中各种组分的化学性质,实现分子机器的运动.利用溶液酸碱度调控已成为人工组装分子机器最常用的能量供应方式之一.对溶液酸碱度调控的分子机器和分子开关进行了详细综述,分别总结了基于冠醚和其他大环主体的溶液酸碱度调控分子机器与分子开关的制备及酸碱调控方法,并展望了它们在信息存储、电子器件及药物传递等领域中的应用.
Artificial molecular machines according to their energy-driven approach can be divided into chemical drive, electrochemical drive and optical drive three kinds of solution pH control (p H regulation) drive is a chemical-driven one, the basic principle is through the addition of acid-base compound to adjust the solution So as to change the chemical properties of various components in the system and realize the movement of molecular machines.It has become one of the most commonly used methods of energy supply for the manual assembly of molecular machines by the solution pH control.The molecular machines and molecular switches In this paper, we summarize the preparation and acid-base regulation methods of the solution pH control molecular machines and molecular switches based on crown ethers and other macrocyclic hosts, respectively, and prospect their applications in information storage, electronic devices and drug delivery .