中国存续数千年的“家天下”专制制度典型地跌入了路径依赖的陷阱。本文以此为研究对象,从博弈论视角,讨论了“家天下”专制制度下多方博弈策略选择对“家天下”专制制度路径依赖的影响。研究结果表明:通过统治阶级和被统治者阶级的策略选择来打破“家天下”专制制度都是无法实现的。若要打破这种路径依赖,需要具备以下两个条件:一是必须建立一个代表多群体利益的广泛联盟;二是代表多群体利益的广泛联盟需建立以法治为本的政治秩序。 For thousands of years, China’s “tyranny” system typically falls into the trap of path dependence. From the perspective of game theory, this article discusses the impact of multi-party game strategy selection on the path dependence of the autocratic system in the world. The results show that it is impossible to break the tyranny of autocratic rule through the tactic choices of the ruling class and the ruled class. To break this path dependence requires the following two conditions: First, we must establish a broad coalition representing the interests of multiple groups; second, a broad coalition that represents the interests of many groups needs to establish a political order based on the rule of law.