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[目的]通过股骨干性标本研究前交叉韧带(ACL)股骨止点的形态、位置及大小,提出新的形态学分类,为临床重建ACL提供解剖学依据。[方法]对67副已知性别成人股骨干性标本的ACL股骨止点进行解剖研究。测量ACL股骨附着点的面积、形态以及与周围结构的关系。应用SPSS10.0统计软件对数据进行统计学分析。[结果]ACL股骨止点面积:男(104.4±30.8)mm2,女(81.4±29.1)mm2,性别差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。ACL股骨附着区形态中椭圆形49例,占36.6%,新月形39例,占29.1%;圆形20例,占14.9%;长条形17例占12.7%,不规则形9例,占6.6%。[结论]ACL股骨止点有椭圆形、新月形、长条形、不规则形等多种形态,股骨止点面积有性别差异,重建ACL应结合股骨附着区的形态、位置、大小、性别等特点进行个体化重建。
[Objective] To study the morphology, location and size of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) femoral condyle through femoral stem specimens and propose new morphological classification to provide anatomical basis for clinical reconstruction of ACL. [Methods] Anatomical study on the femoral head of ACL in 67 femur specimens of known sex adults. The area, shape and the relationship with the surrounding structures of ACL femoral attachment points were measured. The statistical software SPSS10.0 was used to analyze the data. [Results] The femoral area of ACL was 104.4 ± 30.8 mm2 and 81.4 ± 29.1 mm2 respectively, with significant difference in gender (P <0.01). There were 49 cases (36.6%) with oval shape in 39 cases, 39 cases (29.1%) with crescent shape, 20 cases (14.9%) with round shape, 12.7% with elongated shape and 9 cases with irregular shape 6.6%. [Conclusion] There are many morphological features such as oval, crescent, long strip and irregular shape in the femoral part of ACL. There are gender differences in the area of femoral head only. Reconstruction of ACL should be combined with the shape, position, size and gender of femoral attachment And other characteristics of individual reconstruction.