一、背景 冷锻是一种高精高效、优质低耗的先进工艺技术。与普通热模锻工艺相比,可以节材30％～50％,节能40％～80％,工件精度可以提高1～2级,表面粗糙度则降低1～2级,有的甚至不需要后续的切削加工直接实现净形(net shape)生产,因此,发达国家特别注重冷锻技术的开发和应用。 日本在20世纪80年代用模锻生产的轿车零件中,有30％～40％采用了冷锻技术。丰田公司在1981～1991年10年间生产的轿车上使用的冷锻件 First, the background Cold forging is a high-precision high-efficiency, high-quality low-cost advanced technology. Compared with ordinary hot forging process, it can save 30% -50% of material, save energy by 40% -80%, improve work accuracy by 1 ~ 2 grades and surface roughness by 1 ~ 2 grades, and some do not even need follow-up Of the cutting process to achieve net shape (net shape) production, therefore, developed countries pay special attention to the development and application of cold forging technology. Japan in the 1980s by die forging production of car parts, 30% to 40% of the cold forging technology. Toyota forged cold forgings for cars manufactured in the 10 years from 1981 to 1991