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西藏飞蝗系1963年发现并记述的世界飞蝗10亚种中分布最高的亚种,可称为“世界屋脊”青藏高原的飞蝗亚种(分布多在3 000 m以上,最高达4 600 m)。近年,作者在我国古代有关飞蝗历史文献整理研究中,发现西藏曾有多处发生蝗灾的真实记载。1828—1952年间,共有45处地点发生蝗灾,1849年、1850年、1855年、1892年分别有5处、4处、5处和9处同时发生蝗灾。在19世纪50年代和20世纪40年代均有8处发生蝗灾。1846—1857年则连续12年发生蝗灾,并波及到18个地区。重者连年庄稼颗粒无收,青稞、麦子亦荡然无存、草场则寸草不收。同年,在我国黄淮海平原许多地区(如霍丘、金坛、丹阳、高邮、南京等)也曾发生蝗灾。根据记述蝗灾发生特点与群聚、群飞蔽天、迁飞危害等情景完全符合飞蝗生物学特性;据此,可以判断均为飞蝗所致,分别为西藏飞蝗和东亚飞蝗。本项研究不仅提供了西藏飞蝗至少是自19世纪以来即已存在的一个亚种的历史例证;还探讨了西藏飞蝗发生蝗灾的历史年代、地域分布、海拔高度、发生的间歇性规律,并对未来西藏飞蝗发生猖撅预测提供了科学依据。此外,由于飞蝗发生猖獗与干旱气候有密切相关,西藏飞蝗发生蝗灾的年代可作?
Locusts locusts are the subspecies distributed in the 10 subspecies of the world locusts discovered and described in 1963 and may be called the “locust subfamily” of the locust subspecies of the Tibetan Plateau (more than 3 000 m in distribution and up to 4 600 m). In recent years, in the study of ancient Chinese history literature on locusts, the author found that there were many real records of locust plagues in Tibet. In 1828-1952, a total of 45 locust plagues occurred. In 1849, 1850, 1855 and 1892, there were 5 loci and 4, 5 and 9 locust plagues. Locust plague occurred in eight places in the 1850s and 1940s. For 18 years from 1846 to 1857, locust plague took place for 12 consecutive years and spread to 18 areas. Heavy perennial crop particles confiscated, barley, wheat also vanished, the grass is not grass. In the same year, locust plagues also occurred in many areas of China’s Huang-Huai-Hai Plain (such as Huoqiu, Jintan, Danyang, Gaoyou and Nanjing). Based on the description of the characteristics of locust plague and cluster, group fly-away days, migration hazards and other scenarios in full compliance with the biological characteristics of locusts; accordingly, can be determined due to migratory locusts, respectively locust and locust locusts. This study not only provided a historical example of a subspecies of endemic migrant locust in Tibet, at least since the 19th century. It also discussed the history, geographical distribution, altitude and intermittent occurrence of locust plagues in Tibet, And provide a scientific basis for the future occurrence of the endemic migratory locust in Tibet. In addition, because of the occurrence of migratory locusts and the arid climate is closely related to the occurrence of locust plagues in Tibet era can be made?