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【目的】探讨紫杉醇新辅助化疗方案对非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC ）患者的疗效及组织干扰素诱导跨膜蛋白3（IFITM3）、基质金属蛋白酶‐9（MMP‐9）表达的影响。【方法】随机数字表格法将经手术病理证实的68例NSCLC患者分为观察组与对照组，观察组采取术前紫杉醇新辅助化疗＋手术治疗，对照组则直接行手术治疗，比较两组手术切除率及术后3年生存率。测定两组NSCLC组织中IFITM3、MMP‐9阳性表达率及其与患者3年生存率的关系。【结果】新辅助化疗治疗有效率为529．4％（18／34）。两组手术切除率，完全切除率相比较差异无显著性（ P ＞00．5）。观察组IFITM3、MMP‐9阳性表达率均明显低于对照组（ P ＜00．5）；观察组术后3年生存率为529．4％，显著高于对照组的294．1％，且差异有显著性（ P ＜00．5）；IFITM3阳性表达、M M P‐9阳性表达患者3年生存率分别为194．4％、235．3％显著低于各自阴性表达的656．2％、588．2％，且差异有显著性（ P ＜00．5）。【结论】术前紫杉醇辅助化疗相比直接手术能明显提高NSCLC患者3年生存率，显著降低FITM3、MMP‐9阳性表达率，且FITM3、MMP‐9表达与NSCLC患者预后有关。“,”[Objective]To investigate the effect of taxol neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the expression of IF‐ITM3 and MMP‐9 in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and its curative effects in NSCLC patients .[Methods]Sixty‐eight cases of patients with NSCLC confirmed by operation and pathology were divided into the observation group and control group by the random number table method .The observation group was trea‐ted with pre‐operative taxol neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with the operation while the control group was given only the operation .The surgical resection rate and 3‐year survival rate were compared between the two groups .Meanwhile ,the excised NSCLC tissues were collected and ,using the immunohistochemical meth‐od ,the positive expression rates of IFITM3 and MMP‐9 in the tissues were determined .The relationship be‐tween expressions of IFITM3 and MMP‐9 on the 3‐year survival rate was analyzed .[Results]The effective rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 52 9.4% (18/34) .There was no significant difference in the rate of surgical resection between the two groups ( P >0 0.5) .The positive expression rates of NSCLC and MMP‐9 in the ob‐servation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P <0 0.5) .The 3‐year survival rate in the observation group (52 9.4% ) was significantly higher than that in the control group (29 4.1% ) ( P <0 0.5) .The 3‐year survival rates of patients with positive expression of IFITM3 and MMP‐9 were 19 4.4% and 23 5.3% ,respectively ,which were significantly lower than those of patients with IFITM3 and MMP‐9 negative expression (65 .62% and 58 .82% respectively) .The differences were statistically significant ( P < 0 .05) .[Conclusion]Compared with only direct operation ,pre‐operative Taxol adjuvant chemotherapy given along with direct operation can significantly improve the 3‐year survival rate of patients with NSCLC ,and signifi‐cantly reduce the positive expression rates of FITM3 and MMP‐9 .Moreover ,the expression of FITM3 and MMP‐9 is related to the prognosis of patients with NSCLC .