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[目的]了解养路工人的健康状况,以便有针对性地加强健康监护与管理,降低养路工人的职业危害。[方法]2008年,对龙岩市7个县(市、区)的576名养路工人进行健康检查,并与268名对照人群比较。[结果]调查养路工576名,新发矽肺检出率为3.30%,平均发病年龄为46.28岁,平均发病工龄为23.37年;五官科异常检出率为22.75%,血压偏高检出率为22.05%,心电图异常检出率为29.34%,肺功能指标异常检出率为9.20%。以上各项指标异常检出率,养路工组均高于对照组(P<0.01)。[结论]养路工人仍然受到矽尘和有毒气体的职业危害,严重影响呼吸系统、心血管系统的健康状况。
[Objective] To understand the health status of road maintenance workers so as to strengthen the health monitoring and management in a targeted manner and reduce the occupational hazards of road maintenance workers. [Method] In 2008, 576 road maintenance workers in 7 counties (cities and districts) in Longyan City were inspected and compared with 268 control subjects. [Results] The survey of 576 road maintenance workers, the detection rate of new silicosis was 3.30%, the average age of onset was 46.28 years, the average length of service was 23.37 years; abnormal detection rate of ENT was 22.75%, high blood pressure detection rate was 22.05%, abnormal electrocardiogram detection rate was 29.34%, abnormal lung function detection rate was 9.20%. The abnormality detection rate of all the above indexes was higher than that of the control group (P <0.01). [Conclusion] Road maintenance workers are still exposed to the occupational hazards of silica dust and toxic gases, seriously affecting the health status of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.