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目的掌握甘肃省酒泉市肃州区出生缺陷报告发生率及其变化趋势,探讨婚前保健与孕前保健对出生缺陷的预防指导效果,为提高出生人口素质、降低出生缺陷的发生提供依据。方法对2007-2011年酒泉市肃州区通过出生缺陷监测发现并确诊的149例出生缺陷资料进行分析,并结合本地区同期婚前医学检查11263人的资料,进一步分析探讨婚前保健对出生缺陷的影响。结果肃州区婚检率由2007、2008年的0.9%、0.8%上升到2011年的99.0%,出生缺陷报告发生率下降到2011年的50.0/万,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论婚前医学检查是预防出生缺陷的第一道防线,应引导广大青年自觉接受婚前医学检查,以提高婚检率,并对适婚男女进行优生优育指导及宣教,使其有计划、有准备地生育,从而预防出生缺陷的发生,提高出生人口素质。
Objective To investigate the incidence and trend of birth defects in Suzhou District of Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, and to explore the preventive and guiding effects of prenuptial and prenatal care on birth defects, so as to provide basis for improving the quality of birth population and reducing the incidence of birth defects. Methods The data of 149 cases of birth defects detected and confirmed by birth defects monitoring during 2007-2011 in Suzhou District of Jiuquan City were analyzed. Based on the data of 11,263 premarital medical examinations in the same district of our country, the effect of prenuptial care on birth defects was further analyzed . Results The rate of premarital examination in Suzhou District increased from 0.9% and 0.8% in 2007 and 2008 to 99.0% in 2011, and the incidence of birth defects dropped to 50.0% and 2011 respectively. There was significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion Premarital medical examination is the first line of defense to prevent birth defects. The majority of young people should be guided to receive premarital medical examination consciously so as to enhance the rate of premarital examination and to give guidance and education on prenatal and postnatal care to men and women of marriage so that they will be given birth in a planned and prepared manner , So as to prevent the occurrence of birth defects and improve the quality of the birth population.