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给药的途径除经口、皮、粘膜以外就是注射,它们均是药物先进入血液循环,然后到达治疗目标的局部,以发挥药效。实际上口服、静注的药物到达目标部位的量仅是少数,而作用目标之外脏器组织的部分还常常出现副作用。目前开始使用靶(target)疗法,就是集中高浓度的药物注射病灶局部,同时也尽可能地保持病灶以外部位的低浓度。例如副作用大的抗癌药,尤适用于这种靶疗法。
The route of administration is injection in addition to oral, dermal, and mucous membranes. They are all drugs that first enter the bloodstream and then reach the target of the treatment to exert its efficacy. In fact, the amount of orally or intravenously administered drugs that reach the target site is only a small number, and the side parts of the organ tissues other than the target are often subjected to side effects. Target therapy is currently being used to focus on the local injection of high-concentration drug injections, while at the same time maintaining as low a concentration as possible outside of the lesion. For example, anti-cancer drugs with high side effects are particularly suitable for such target therapy.