世界上许多大城市，为了满足交通、通讯和公用设施，以及装卸、处理和贮存各种物资的需要，利用地下空间是当今保护地面生存环境优先考虑的事项。建造地下空间可以采用不同的施工方法，包括明挖法和新奥法等。诸多城市正在发展捷运铁路和城市快速道路，目的也在于利用地下... In many of the world’s major cities, in order to meet the needs of transportation, communications and utilities, as well as the need to load, unload, handle, and store a variety of materials, the use of underground space is a priority for protecting the environment on the ground today. Different construction methods can be used for the construction of underground space, including the open-cut method and the new Austrian method. Many cities are developing MRT railways and fast urban roads. The purpose is also to use underground...